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A. Off-Street Parking and Maneuvering.

1. Off-street parking requirement.

a. Shall be provided for all uses of property in accordance with the standards in this Section.

b. Shall include sufficient on site maneuvering for each parking space (refer to parking layout policy) along with adequate driveways, all of which must be located entirely on private property.

(1) If maneuvering is required on a site other then [than] the site of development a cross access agreement shall be executed. A copy of the executed and recorded agreement shall be provided to the Building Official and Planning and Development Traffic Engineer.

c. All off-street parking areas shall be accessible from a public street or alley unless prohibited in the Driveway Ordinance (Phoenix City Code).

2. When a parking plan is required.

a. An area for off street parking, drives and maneuvering meeting the requirements of this Section shall be provided on a parking plan in conjunction with the issuance of a building permit for any new construction or expansion of an existing building. The Building Official shall not issue a building permit unless these requirements are satisfied.

b. Whenever a parking plan has been approved, the parking area must be developed in accordance with the plan and may not be changed to deviate from the plan without the approval of the Planning and Development Department.

c. A parking plan shall be required by the building official whenever any change in use of a property is made that results in an increase in the number of required parking spaces or of the standards for parking areas contained in this Section. A parking plan is also required for new construction or site plan amendments.

3. Existing parking areas. Any parking area, existing as of July 2, 2003, which has an approved parking plan and is in conformance with that plan shall be considered a legal use under the terms of this section. New parking spaces required because of tenant changes, new construction, or site plan amendments occurring after July 2, 2003 may maintain the existing, legally nonconforming space dimensions. If more than fifty (50) spaces are added, the new spaces shall meet the dimensions of this Section.

4. Availability of parking on subject lot. The required parking for any use shall be on the same lot as the use, except:

a. A non-residential use in a non-residential district may have parking on another lot when:

(1) The lot is located within 300 feet of the use measured in a direct line from the building or, if no building is present, from the property line, and is not across an arterial or collector street;

(2) The off-site parking area is zoned the same as the use or is in a zoning district permitting commercial parking lots; and

(3) The use of the parking area is exclusively for the subject use and does not reduce parking for any other use below that required by this Section.

If not owned by the owner of the property containing the use, the off-site area must be used in conjunction with a recorded, non-cancelable lease, renewable in a minimum of five (5) year increments. A copy of the executed and recorded lease shall be provided to the Building Official and Planning and Development Traffic Engineer. The lease must remain permanently in effect to satisfy the parking requirements of this Section.

b. Parking for a nonresidential use legally permitted within a residence district may be provided on a lot separated from the property by no more than a public alley.

c. Parking for any use located outside a residence district shall not be located within a residence district unless in accordance with the provisions of this Ordinance.

B. Site and Parking Space Design Standards.

1. Parking plan requirements. Parking plans shall be submitted to and approved by the Planning and Development Department. The plan shall indicate the location and dimensions of all parking spaces, driveways, queuing lanes, maneuvering areas, parking and maneuvering surface, landscaped areas and pedestrian ways. The design shall provide sufficient on site maneuvering for each parking space (Refer to parking layout policy) along with adequate driveways. All parking plans shall conform to Section 31-44 of the Phoenix City Code, as amended.

2. Space and aisle dimensions. Dimensions for maneuvering aisles and for different types of parking spaces shall be as follows:

a. Parking garages:

(1) Parking space dimensions.

(a) Commercial retail, assembly uses and restaurant establishments: shall have dimensions measuring a minimum of nine and one-half (9 1/2) feet by eighteen (18) feet. The depth of the parking space may be adjusted, as approved by the Planning and Development Department and consistent with parking area dimension policies, for angled parking.

(b) Office, industrial and multi-family residential developments: Shall have parking space dimensions measuring a minimum of eight and one-half (8 1/2) feet by eighteen (18) feet. The depth of the parking space may be adjusted, as approved by the Planning and Development Department and consistent with parking area dimension policies, for angled parking.

(c) Tandem parking is permitted for multi-family development: Tandem parking spaces shall have dimensions measuring a minimum of nine and one-half (9 1/2) feet by eighteen (18) feet for each parking space, except for accessible spaces.

(2) A minimum of one and one-half (1 1/2) foot setback from any interior wall or column shall be provided, if required by the Planning and Development Department, to ensure proper maneuverability.

(3) Parking garages serving a mixture of retail or assembly uses or restaurants and other uses shall have a clearly designated area on the site plan for the 9 1/2 X 18 foot spaces.

(4) The lengths of all parking stalls shall be double striped with a minimum of twelve (12) inches between the striping. Said striping need not extend the minimum width of the stall, as specified in item a.(1) above.

(5) Maneuvering aisles for two-way traffic shall be a minimum of twenty-four (24) feet in width, except as provided in 702.B.2.b.(5) below. Aisle widths may be adjusted, as approved by the Planning and Development Department and consistent with parking area dimension policies for angled parking and/or one-way traffic.

(6) Retail, assembly uses or restaurant establishments that do not exceed ten percent (10%) of the gross floor area of a development in the Light Industrial (A-1), Industrial District (A-2), and Commerce Park Zoning Districts are not subject to the above parking provisions.

b. Surface parking:

(1) Parking space dimensions.

(a) Commercial retail, assembly uses and restaurant establishments: Parking spaces located in surface parking lots that are single striped shall have dimensions measuring a minimum of nine and one-half (9 1/2) feet by eighteen (18) feet. If the entire surface parking lot is double striped, fifty percent (50%) of the spaces provided in the lot must be nine and one-half (9 1/2) feet by eighteen (18) feet wide, while the remainder of the spaces may be a minimum of nine (9) feet wide. the depth of the parking space may be adjusted, as approved by the Planning and Development Department and in compliance with parking area dimension policies, for angled parking.

(b) Office, industrial and multi-family residential developments: Shall have parking space dimensions measuring a minimum of eight and one-half (8 1/2) feet by eighteen (18) feet. The depth of the parking space may be adjusted, as approved by the Planning and Development Department and consistent with parking area dimension policies, for angled parking.

(c) Tandem parking is permitted for multi-family development. Tandem parking spaces shall have dimensions measuring a minimum of nine and one-half (9 1/2) feet by eighteen (18) feet for each parking space, Except for accessible spaces.

(2) Surface parking serving a mixture of retail or assembly uses or restaurants and other uses shall have a clearly designated area on the site plan for the spaces that comply with the requirements outlined in item b.(1) above.

(3) All double striped spaces shall have a minimum of twelve (12) inches between the striping. Said striping need not extend the minimum width of the stall, as specified in item b.(1) above.

(4) Retail or restaurant uses, including outdoor areas reserved for such uses, that do not exceed ten percent (10%) of the gross floor area of a development in the Light Industrial (A-1), Industrial District (A-2), and Commerce Park Zoning Districts are not subject to the above parking provisions.

(5) The combined depth of the parking space and the aisle width shall equal sixty-two (62) feet for a double loaded aisle and forty-three (43) feet for a single loaded aisle.

c. Compact parking.

(1) May only be used for spaces in excess of required parking spaces and shall be located in the lowest use areas of the site. The minimum dimensions are eight (8) feet by sixteen (16) feet.

(2) Multi-family projects may use compact space dimensions for no more than 10% of required parking spaces. If garages are provided for dwelling units, one compact space may be allowed for each garage unit up to a maximum of 30% of required parking.

d. Single family residential.

(1) Tandem parking is permitted for single-family. Surface tandem parking spaces shall have dimensions measuring a minimum of nine and one-half (9 1/2) feet by eighteen (18) feet for each parking space.

(2) Individual garages for residential uses shall have unencumbered parking space dimensions measuring a minimum of nine and one-half (9 1/2) feet by nineteen (19) feet.

3. Dustproofing and paving.

a. All parking and maneuvering areas within the front yard and side yards adjoining a primary residential structure shall be maintained in a dustproofed condition. If more than the above prescribed area of the front yard is surfaced with a similar dustproof material, the parking and maneuvering area within the front yard and side yards adjoining the primary structure shall be delineated with a permanent border.

b. All parking and maneuvering areas on a residential lot, except single-family or duplex residential, shall have dustproof paving.

c. All parking and maneuvering areas on a non-residential lot shall have dustproof paving. This includes areas of a lot used to store pneumatically tired vehicles and lots for used cars.

d. Dustproof paving or surfacing shall be provided on any such lots by April 20, 1999 or the effective date of the original City Zoning. The Zoning Administrator may approve an alternate schedule if there are extenuating circumstances.

4. Control. Control shall be established to prevent vehicles from leaving parking and maneuvering areas except through necessary driveway openings and shall be provided on the property in the following manner:

a. Parking or maneuvering areas which abut a property line shall have a solid masonry wall or a minimum six (6) inch high curb installed and located so that no part of a vehicle shall extend over or beyond the property line.

b. Parking or maneuvering areas which do not abut a property line and which are not bounded by a fence, wall, building, or established landscaping plot shall be bounded by curbing.

c. Solid curbing shall be installed, if required for drainage control by the City Engineer.

5. Lighting. Any lights used to illuminate said parking place shall be so arranged as to reflect the light away from adjoining lots in residential districts.

6. Queuing lanes. Queuing lanes for drive-through facilities shall be provided on site and shall not be located within the required front or street side yards. Queuing lanes shall be in addition to required off street parking and shall be designed so as not to interfere with the operation of driveways and maneuvering areas for off street parking areas. Queuing lanes shall be provided as follows:

a. Banks, savings and loan establishments, and other similar financial institutions: Minimum of one hundred fifty (150) linear feet of queuing space for the first bay plus one hundred (100) linear feet of queuing space per additional bay. Queuing lengths shall be a linear measurement from the point of service.

b. Drive-in theaters: Queuing space in a number of linear feet which equals two (2) times the number, of viewing stalls located within the theater.

c. Drive-through facilities for restaurants: One hundred fifty (150) linear feet of queuing space per pick-up window. queuing lengths shall be a linear measurement for the point of service.

d. All other drive-through facilities not addressed shall have a minimum of one hundred (100) linear feet of queuing space per bay or pick-up window. Queuing lengths shall be a linear measurement from the point of service.

e. Facilities providing multiple bays or points of service shall provide a minimum of two (2) approach lanes.

7. Screening.

a. Residential districts. Screening of parking is required in residential districts when the lot serves any use, except single-family units or a multi-family project of less than sixteen (16) units. A screen consisting of a solid wall or landscaping shall be required, detailed as follows:

(1) Along that portion of the perimeter of the parking area bounding or within side or rear yards, the wall shall not be less than four (4) feet nor more than six (6) feet in height. Landscaping, when matured, shall be a minimum of four (4) feet in height and shall be maintained in a living condition.

(2) Along that portion of the perimeter of the parking area bounding or within a front yard, the wall shall be three (3) feet in height. Landscaping shall, when matured, be a minimum of three (3) feet in height and shall be maintained in a living condition.

(3) All landscaping or wall construction adjacent to driveway entrances is not to exceed three (3) feet in height within a triangle measuring ten (10) feet in depth from the property line tapering to the property line twenty (20) feet on either side of the driveway. All landscaping and wall construction shall comply with the vision obscurement requirement of the Phoenix City Code.

(4) All required walls and landscaping shall be maintained in a neat and orderly condition.

(5) Landscaping as required in this Section shall provide at least continuous evergreen (broad leaf or conifer) shrubs or hedges in a planting area which shall be a minimum of three (3) feet in width.

b. Non-residential districts. Screening of the parking area is required in nonresidential districts, when the following conditions exist: The lot serves any use, except single-family units or a multi-family project of less than sixteen (16) units, and the lot adjoins a residential zoning district or is separated from a residential district by an alley, locale or collector street. A screen consisting of a solid wall or landscaping shall be required along the portions of the parking lot and drives which adjoin or are across the street or alley from the residential zoning district, detailed as follows:

(1) Along that portion of the perimeter of the parking area bounding or within interior, side or rear yards, the wall shall not be less then [than] four (4) feet nor more than six (6) feet in height. Landscaping, when matured, shall be a minimum of four (4) feet in height and shall be maintained in a living condition.

(2) Along that portion of the perimeter of the parking area bounding or within a street side or front yard, the wall shall be three (3) feet in height. Landscaping shall, when matured, be a minimum of three (3) feet in height and shall be maintained in a living condition.

(3) All landscaping or wall construction adjacent to driveway entrances is not to exceed three (3) feet in height within a triangle measuring ten (10) feet in depth from the property line tapering to the property line twenty (20) feet on either side of me [the] driveway. All landscaping and wall construction shall comply with the vision obscurement requirement of the Phoenix City Code.

(4) All required walls and landscaping shall be maintained in a neat and orderly condition.

(5) Landscaping as required in this section shall provide at least continuous evergreen (broad leaf or conifer) shrubs or hedges in a planting area which shall be a minimum of three (3) feet in width.

C. Parking Requirements. Off-street automobile parking space or area shall be provided according to the following table, except for large scale retail commercial uses (see Section 702.D). The parking ratios in the table identify the minimum level of parking required to serve that use and receive site plan approval.

Type of Land Use

Parking Requirements

Art Gallery

1 space per 300 sq. ft.

Art Studio

1 space per 500 sq. ft. or 1 per 1.5 employees

Basketball and Volleyball Courts

9 spaces per court, 6 spaces per half-court

Batting Cages

1 space per 60 s.f. of batting area (area where batter is standing)

Billiard Parlors

1.5 spaces per table (3 feet around pool tables will not be counted for parking in bars & lounges)

Car Wash, Automated

1 space per 3 non-office employees and 1 space per 300 s.f. of office and sales area and 2 space per 24 feet of wash bay

Churches, Synagogues, Temples, or Other Places of Worship (See Public Assembly—General, for public event facilities)

1 space per 3 seats or 1 space per 58 lineal inches of pew space

Community Residence Center, Nursing Home, Specialized Treatment Facility, Structured Sober Living Home (with more than ten residents), and Hospice

1 space per 2 resident/patient beds

Convention/Conference Centers

1 space per 100 sq. ft.

Court Rooms, Detention Facilities

1 space per 60 s.f. of hearing rooms or 1 space per 90 lineal inches of pew space and 1 space per 300 s.f. office area and 1 space per 3 employees in jail area and 1 space per 5 beds

Day Care Center (Adult and Child Care)

1 space per 300 s.f. of floor area (20% reduction allowed for storage, restrooms, etc).

Dormitories, Fraternity and Sorority Houses

1 space per 1 dwelling unit and 1 space for each 2 guest rooms

Dwelling Unit, Multi-family

Total required parking

1.3 spaces per efficiency unit and 1.5 spaces per 1 or 2 bedroom unit and 2 spaces per 3 or more bedroom unit, 1.0 space per unit of less than 600 square feet regardless of number of bedrooms

When the required parking is reserved for residents, additional unreserved parking is required as follows: 0.3 spaces for each efficiency unit and 0.5 spaces per each 1 or 2 bedroom unit and 1.0 space per each 3 or more bedroom unit.

Exception for unreserved parking: where minimum 18-foot driveways are provided for individual units, .25 space per each unit.

Unreserved parking shall be distributed throughout the site.

Note: Any unreserved parking spaces required by this section may be counted toward the total required parking count.

Dwelling Unit, Single-Family Attached

1.3 spaces per efficiency unit and 1.5 spaces per 1 or 2 bedroom unit and 2 spaces per 3 or more bedroom unit, 1.0 space per unit of less than 600 square feet regardless of number of bedrooms

Dwelling Unit, Single-Family Detached

2 spaces per 1 dwelling unit

Field Sports i.e. Softball, Soccer, Football

15 spaces per field

Fire Station

1 space for each 3 employees for the two largest shifts

Fitness Center/Family Activity Center

1 space per 150 s.f. floor area

Furniture Store

1 space per 400 s.f. floor area

Go Cart Tracks

2 spaces per cart and 1 space per 60 s.f. floor area

Golf Course

2 spaces per hole and (60/tee time spacing (in minutes)) spaces and 2 spaces per designated station on the driving range tee area and 1 space per 50 square feet of dining area (indoor and outdoor combined) and 1 space per 300 s.f. of retail sales area and 1 space per golf course facility staff and 1 space per 500 s.f. putting and chipping green

For golf course facilities located adjacent to or within a resort to and from which the golf course facility provides free motorized transportation (e.g. golf cart), the ‘course’ golfer, range user, diner and customer parking requirements stated above will be reduced by 30%.

Group Home or Boarding House

1 space per 2 resident beds

Hospital

1 space per 3 employees, including nurses not domiciled on the property and 1 space per resident doctor and 1 space per 2 patient beds

Industrial Plants, Manufacturing, Wholesale, including but not limited to warehouses and storage buildings and yards, public utility buildings, contractor equipment and lumber yards, business service establishments, such as blueprinting, printing and engraving, soft drink bottling establishments and fabricating plants

Specified industrial use: 1 space per 1.5 warehouse or production workers. If the facility runs more than one shift a day, employee count will be based on the two largest shifts and 1 space per 300 s.f. of administration office.

Unspecified Industrial Use (Shell Building):

Gross Floor Area

Parking Ratio

0 to 150,000 sq. ft.

1 space per 1,000 sq. ft.

150,001 to 500,000 sq. ft.

1 space per 2,000 sq. ft

500,001 and greater sq. ft.

1 space per 2,500 sq. ft

Office square footage that is incidental to the industrial operation, e.g. manager’s office, will be calculated based on the industrial ratio. Office square footage that is the administrative or research component of an industrially based business will use the office ratio.

Libraries

1 space per 190 s.f. gross floor area and 1 space per 3 employees

Medical Offices: Doctor, Dentist, Clinics, Centers

1 space per 200 s.f. gross floor area between exterior walls

Mini-Warehouses

1 space for each 35 storage units (storage stalls or lockers) and 2 spaces for manager’s apartment

Miniature Golf Courses

1.5 spaces for each hole and 1 space per 60 s.f. of game room area

Mixed Use Project

Sum of the requirements of the various uses computed separately. The parking spaces for one use shall not provide required parking for another use except through use of the shared parking model.

Mobile Home Development

2 spaces per 1 dwelling unit

Motels, Hotels, Resort Hotels

1 space per 1 dwelling unit or rooming unit (each curbside parking space shall be 8 feet 6 inches wide by 23 feet long)

Movie Theaters

1 space per 3.5 seats

Office Building(s) with less than 50,000 s.f. of gross building area

1 space per 300 s.f. floor area

Office Building(s) or Centers with 50,000 s.f. or greater of gross building area

Square feet of tenant leasable area (TLA)

Spaces per 1,000 square feet of TLA

50,000 to 250,000

3.5

250,001 to 600,000

3.2

600,001 to 1,000,000

2.8

Over 1,000,000

2.7

Public Assembly—Active Recreational

Requires parking study

Public Assembly—Entertainment

1 space per 50 s.f. exclusive of kitchen, rest rooms, storage, etc.

Public Assembly—General

1 space per 60 sq. ft.

Public Assembly—Spectator

1 space per 4 seats and 1 space per 60 s.f. of area in public assembly

Public Museum

1 space per 60 sq ft of public area, 1 space per 300 sq. ft. for retail and office

Racquetball/Handball Courts

3 spaces for each court.

Recreational Vehicle Park

1.1 spaces for each recreational vehicle space

Resort

Requires parking study or is based on previously approved parking interpretation for a like use

Restaurants, Bars, Taverns, Night Clubs, or Similar Drinking Establishments

1 space per 50 s.f. (including outside dining/sales) exclusive of kitchen, rest rooms, storage, etc.

1 space per 200 s.f. of outdoor recreational areas. Landscape planters with trees and shrubs, ingress/egress pathways and retention areas will not be counted as outdoor recreational areas.

Retail Establishments including those not specified with less than 50,000 sq. ft. of gross building area

1 space per 300 s.f. floor area

Retail Establishments or Centers with 50,000 sq. ft. or greater of gross building area—(Large scale commercial retail developments not included)

Square feet of tenant leasable area (including outside dining/sales)

Spaces per 1,000 square feet of TLA

Gross assembly without surcharge

50,000 to 350,000 sq. ft.

4

20%

Greater than 350,000 sq. ft.

4.5

20%

Centers with more than 20% of area in public assembly uses will be assessed a parking surcharge based on actual tenant use for the portion in excess of 20%. Gross, not net, public assembly is used in these calculations. Parking for theaters, hotels, schools, and medical offices is calculated separately from the rest of the center. This requirement will apply to any tenant improvements.

Schools, Including Academies, Colleges, Universities, Elementary Schools, Junior High Schools, High Schools, Prep Schools and All Other Similar Institutions of Learning

1 space per 3 employees including administrators, teachers, and building maintenance personnel and 1 space per 5 high school, college, or university students, predicated on the designed capacity of the physical plant.

Schools, Beauty and Vocational

1 space per 60 s.f. of classroom area and 1 space per 300 s.f. of administration

Service Stations

2 spaces per service bay (pump islands not considered bays; standing areas at a pump islands and interior circulation areas shall not be counted as parking areas).

Skate Board Tracks

1 space per 400 s.f. of track area on a concrete surface open to the public and space for other mixed uses as detailed in this table

Structured Sober Living Home (with six to ten residents)

4 spaces per 1 dwelling unit, 2 of which may be located within the required front yard setback

Swap Meet

1 space per 300 sq. ft. of office and 1 space per leasable vender space.

Swimming Pools/Spas

1 space per 60 s.f. of deck area

Tanning, Health and Beauty Salon

1 space per 300 s.f. office/waiting area and 1 space per service station/area

Television Stations

1 space per 3 employees in studio areas and 1 space per 300 s.f. of office and sales area

Tennis Courts

3 spaces for each court

Vehicle Sales: Recreational, Mobile Home Displays, New and Used Car Agencies, Marine Sales, and Other Businesses Selling Motorized and Non-Motorized Land or Marine Vehicles or Mobile Living and/or Transporting Units

1 space per 300 s.f. office and covered sales area and 1 space per 10,000 square feet of outdoor display or portion thereof and 1 space per 10,000 square feet thereafter and 1 space per 3 employees and 1 space for each service bay

Veterinary Offices

1 space per 200 s.f. gross floor area, excluding indoor and outdoor kennel areas.

D. Parking Requirements For Large Scale Commercial Retail Developments.

1. A minimum of 4 spaces per 1,000 square feet of tenant leasable area and a maximum of 5 spaces per 1,000 square feet of tenant leasable area (not including public assembly, theaters, hotels, schools, medical, restaurants and veterinary offices). Parking may be increased above the maximum allowable number of spaces by including one or more of the following options listed below:

Incentive Options:

a. Provide additional 100 lineal feet of landscaped pedestrian walkway through parking areas in one or more locations: Twenty (20) spaces.

b. Provide enhanced landscaping within customer parking areas beyond required minimum: Four (4) spaces for each fifty (50) square feet of additional landscaped area.

c. Provide shaded bus shelter that is architecturally integrated with the design of the primary structure and as approved by the public transit department: Twenty-five (25) spaces.

d. Provide covered customer parking: Ten (10) spaces for each covered space.

e. Provide parking structure: Fifty (50) spaces for each one (1) space provided in a parking structure. Said parking structure shall be a maximum of forty-eight (48) feet high and subject to a use permit as provided in Section 307.

f. Improved outdoor public areas (plazas, courtyards, etc.), located adjacent to and integrated with the main pedestrian circulation: Four (4) spaces for every fifty (50) square feet with seating.

g. Permanent public art detached from the building and developed by a commercial artist that occupies a minimum of ten (10) cubic feet: Ten (10) spaces.

h. A freestanding or attached architectural tower of a minimum twenty-five (25) feet high (no tenant signage permitted): Ten (10) spaces per tower.

i. A freestanding or attached clock of a minimum twenty-five (25) feet high (no tenant signage permitted): Fifty (50) spaces.

E. Modifications to Parking Requirements.

1. Parking management study. The purpose of a parking management study is to ensure that required site parking is available within reasonable walking distances, i.e., the walking distance from a required parking stall is less than 600 feet as the pedestrian travels to the curb directly in front of a business or mall entrance or the curb of the plaza or courtyard directly in front of the business or mall entrance.

a. A parking management study may be required when one of the following conditions exists on the same site:

(1) A retail center or mixed use project has more than 100,000 square feet of public assembly uses, including movies theaters, concentrated in the same general location.

(2) A retail user of 100,000 square feet is located within 200 feet of a public assembly user of 50,000 square feet, including movie theaters.

b. A final parking management study must be approved as part of the site plan review. It may include parking structures, site layout, use of shuttle system, valet service, or other techniques approved by the Planning and Development Department to make all required parking functional. The Planning and Development Director or his designee is authorized to approve parking management studies.

c. The parking management study may designate an area for employee parking if it is designed and sectioned off in such a way that it functions as a separate lot. The employee parking spaces shall use the minimum size dimensions for office/industrial spaces.

2. Shared parking model. The shared parking model can be used as a basis for predicting the parking demand for a particular mix of uses on a site as an alternative to the parking requirements table. The model is a demand matrix and accompanying documentation and is available from the Planning and Development Department. The model assumes that every separate use will need the full amount of parking that is called for in the parking requirements at some point during the day (called the "peak" period for that use). Where different uses need parking at different times of the day, there is an opportunity for them to share parking. The total number of parking spaces needed to serve a mixed use site (the parking demand) may be significantly less than the number of stalls that would have to be built if each of the uses had to provide parking on its own.

The standard shared parking model, developed and administered by the Planning and Development Department, is a tool for estimating the parking demand for a specific mix of uses. The demand curves represent the parking needed for an average, typical use, based on studies and observations. The curves are represented in a table showing the percent of the parking requirement needed by hour of day for each use. Modifications to the standard model can be proposed based on more detailed information on specific center uses as specified below. The Planning and Development Director or his designee may periodically modify the shared parking model to improve it as a predictor of parking demand based on national or local research, including site observations.

a. A retail, office, or mixed use center may use the shared parking model when:

(1) The gross floor area is at least 25,000 square feet; and

(2) The mix of businesses have compatible operating hours in terms of shared parking.

b. The shared parking model analysis must be performed, and the report must be sealed, by a professional civil engineer who has extensive experience with traffic and parking issues in private development when one of the following conditions exists:

(1) If the project, or any site or tenant improvement, warrants a traffic study, or

(2) If modifications to the standard demand matrix are proposed.

c. A reduction in parking of up to fifteen percent (15%) based on the shared parking model may be granted by the Planning and Development Department Traffic Engineer. Parking reductions greater than fifteen percent (15%) and based on the model must obtain a use permit in accordance with the standards and procedures of Section 307.

d. Properties or businesses approved to share parking must be approved under a combined site plan.

e. An applicant may petition the Planning and Development Traffic Engineer for review of parking situations which do not correlate with one of the standard uses in the model.

f. In addition to shared parking situations, the following items may be considered and counted toward parking reductions within the shared parking model:

(1) Transit service available within one-quarter mile of the site with rush hour frequencies of thirty (30) minutes or less.

(2) The area fits the criteria for a level 2 pedestrian area as outlined in the Maricopa Association of Governments’ Pedestrian Area Policies and Design Guidelines.

(3) The business participates in a transportation management association that sponsors trip reduction programs.

3. Reductions. Parking reductions are specified within the specific zoning districts. The listed zoning districts offer parking reductions:

a. Downtown Core District: No parking required. (Section 643)

b. Warehouse District: No parking required. (Section 645)

c. Urban Residential District. (Section 642)

d. Interim Transit-Oriented Zoning District One (TOD-1). (Section 662)

e. Interim Transit-Oriented Zoning District Two (TOD-2). (Section 663)

4. Reductions for buildings higher than four stories. The Zoning Administrator or Board of Adjustment may grant a request to reduce the otherwise applicable parking requirements for buildings in excess of four (4) stories or forty-eight (48) feet in height through a use permit in accordance with the standards and procedures of Section 307 upon a showing by the applicant that:

a. Because of the nature of the existing or proposed use or the existence of pedestrian, mass transit, or service trips, adherence to applicable parking requirements is not necessary; and

b. The reduced parking will accommodate vehicular traffic without increasing traffic and on street parking of vehicles in adjacent neighborhoods.

5. Reductions in village cores. The Zoning Administrator or Board of Adjustment may grant a request to reduce the otherwise applicable parking requirements for uses in village cores, as shown on the current general plan for Phoenix as adopted by the City Council, through a use permit upon the applicant showing that:

a. Adherence to applicable parking standards is not necessary and will result in excess parking spaces because:

(1) The mixture of existing or probable uses will generate a high proportion of multiple destination vehicular trips, or

(2) There will be a high level of pedestrian, carpool, and public transit traffic;

b. The site has been designed to accommodate pedestrians, carpools, transit riders, and transit system features, e.g. stops; and

c. The reduction of parking will accommodate vehicular traffic and parking needs without increasing traffic and parking within adjacent residential areas.

6. Special needs populations. The Zoning Administrator or Board of Adjustment may grant a use permit in accordance with the standards and procedures of Section 307 to reduce the otherwise applicable parking requirements for housing which serves households with special needs, such as but not limited to the disabled and elderly, when it can be shown there is less demand for parking or alternative sources of transportation are available.

7. Parking reduction for recycling containers. Commercial and multi-family developments may reduce the number of required parking spaces when recycling containers are provided on-site in accordance with the following provisions:

a. Existing developments may convert a maximum of one (1) required parking space to install a recycling container.

b. New development on sites less than two (2) acres may reduce the number of required parking spaces by a maximum of one (1) space to install recycling containers on-site.

c. New developments on sites larger than two (2) acres may reduce the number of required parking spaces to allow recycling containers to be placed on site by securing an administrative use permit in accordance with the standards and procedures of Section 307.

8. Adaptive reuse. The purpose of these standards is to allow eligible properties to reduce the amount of required off-street parking. This practice will encourage re-investment in established neighborhoods, promote neighborhood preservation, revitalize neighborhoods and endorse sustainability.

a. Criteria for eligibility: To be eligible for an off-street parking reduction from the requirements of Section 702, the following criteria must be met:

(1) The building shall be a minimum of twenty-five (25) years of age; and

(2) The project shall be a non-residential use or a mix of residential with non-residential within the same building; and

(3) The size of the building shall not exceed five thousand (5,000) gross square feet including any proposed additions. No proposed additions may exceed fifty percent (50%) of the existing building.

b. Required parking: The required parking for any use shall be on the same lot as the use, except for the following provisions:

(1) The off-site parking area is located within one thousand three hundred twenty feet (1,320') of the use measured in a direct line from the building; and

(2) The use of the off-site parking area is exclusively for the subject use and does not reduce parking for any other use below that required by this section; and

(3) The off-site parking area must be used in conjunction with a recorded, non-cancelable lease, renewable in a minimum of five (5) year increments. A copy of the executed and recorded lease shall be provided to the Planning and Development Traffic Engineer. The lease must remain permanently in effect to satisfy the parking requirements of this section or another such lease shall be obtained and provided to the Planning and Development Traffic Engineer.

c. Parking reduction: There shall not be less than two (2) on-site parking spaces provided, unless no on-site parking is required by Zoning Ordinance.

(1) If the subject parcel is within one thousand three hundred twenty feet (1,320') of a public parking lot or garage, any parking spaces in excess of those already dedicated or designated toward other uses may be counted for up to fifty percent (50%) of required parking; or

(2) If the subject parcel is within one thousand three hundred twenty feet (1,320') of a light rail station, a maximum reduction of fifty percent (50%) of required parking is permitted; or

(3) If the subject parcel is within one thousand three hundred twenty feet (1,320') of a city owned park and ride facility, a maximum reduction of fifty percent (50%) of required parking is permitted; or

(4) If the use is an outdoor dining area accessory to a restaurant, outdoor dining areas up to a maximum of five hundred (500) square feet and not exceeding twenty five percent (25%) of the primary building’s ground level gross floor area, shall not be subject to additional required parking.

d. Parking lot landscaping: New parking areas with ten (10) or less spaces shall not be subject to required parking lot landscape standards.

e. Tandem parking: Tandem parking may be used for employee parking and may account for up to twenty percent (20%) of the required parking. Tandem parking spaces shall have dimensions measuring a minimum of nine and one-half (9 1/2') feet by eighteen (18') feet for each parking space. Tandem parking spaces shall be signed for employee use only.

f. Accessible parking: All Zoning Ordinance requirements for accessible parking shall apply.

9. Reductions for infill development district.

a. Within the infill development district, as shown on the general plan for Phoenix, a development’s on-street parking adjacent to and along the same side of a public, local or collector street may be counted toward parking requirements.

b. Off-site parking. Off-site parking not within the right-of-way may account for up to a maximum of 50 percent of the required parking with a use permit and meeting the following conditions:

(1) The use is within 1,320 feet of a parking lot or garage to be used by patrons of the subject parcel. This shall be measured from the closest points from the parking area to the main entrance.

(2) The owner of the subject parcel must provide an executed lease in a minimum five-year increment to the City demonstrating the right to use the off-site parking spaces, which spaces shall not have been counted for use by others, unless a shared parking model is approved for the site.

(3) The lease must be renewable in a minimum of five-year increments. If at any time the lease is no longer in effect, the owner of the subject parcel shall notify the City in writing within 30 calendar days of this condition and provide the City a replacement executed lease for the required spaces. A copy of the executed recorded lease shall be provided by the applicant to the Planning and Development Department Traffic Engineer. If at any time a lease for necessary off-site parking is no longer in effect, it shall be considered a violation of the approved use permit.

(4) The off-site parking area must be identified for use by patrons of the subject parcel and shall not eliminate required parking for any other use if on private property.

(5) The use permit for infill development parking reductions may be revoked if any of the use permit stipulations are violated including the failure to obtain an executed lease.

(6) Additional bicycle parking may be required as a condition of use permit approval.

c. Use Permit Notice Procedure for Infill Parking Reductions. The following additional procedures shall be followed as part of the infill parking reduction use permit process (in addition to the procedures required by Section 307):

(1) A Neighborhood Traffic Notification Zone (NTNZ) as determined by the Street Transportation Department.

(2) The applicant for the use permit shall send, by first class mail, a notice of the date, time and place of the use permit zoning adjustment hearing to all property owners within the NTNZ. The notice shall also include an invitation to a meeting to discuss the proposal, and shall include a short description of the request.

(3) The following shall be provided to the City at least seven days prior to the zoning adjustment hearing:

(a) A written summary of the meeting or meetings.

(b) A map showing all leased off-site parking areas, number of spaces and locations of signs shall be placed on site to clearly show the location and address of the off-site parking areas, together with executed leases for such spaces.

(c) A written summary of how parking needs will be met and on-site management procedures to minimize impacts to surrounding residentially zoned properties. If valet parking is proposed, a copy of the valet parking plan that has preliminary approval by the Planning and Development Department’s Traffic Engineer.

(d) A copy of a shared parking agreement as defined in this section, if applicable.

F. Special Parking Standards.

1. Residential lots.

a. Required parking spaces for single-family residential uses may not be located in the required front yard.

b. Spaces in excess of those required for single-family residential uses may be located in the required front yard. However, all parking and maneuvering areas within the required front yard shall not exceed 50 percent of the area of the required front yard, except that a driveway shall not be required to be less than 18 feet in width unless otherwise stipulated by Historic Preservation.

c. Buses shall not be parked in the front yard of any residential district. A bus is any commercially licensed motor vehicle designed for carrying more than fifteen (15) passengers and used for the transportation of persons as well as any motor vehicle, other than a taxicab, designed for the transportation of persons for compensation.

d. Mobile homes shall not be parked in any residential district except as provided in Section 647.A.2.1.

e. No semi-trailer or tractor; no commercial vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 15,000 pounds as established by the manufacturer; and not more than one commercial vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating of 15,000 pounds or less, as established by the manufacturer shall be parked on a lot in any residential district other than in conjunction with uses permitted in Sections 603 and 604.

f. Vacant lots or open land areas in any residential district may not be used as an area for the parking of customer and employee passenger vehicles.

2. Temporary parking for professional sports arenas. Temporary parking for professional sports arenas/stadiums, is permitted for non-residential uses in residential districts subject to obtaining a use permit, in accordance with the standards and procedures of Section 307 provided that all of the following conditions are met:

a. The subject parcel must have its primary driveway on an arterial street. Ingress and egress to the site during the time period the temporary use is functioning is restricted to arterial street driveways.

b. Parking may be permitted for no more than one hundred (100) days during the calendar year.

c. A use permit must be obtained for each of the first two (2) years. In the third and consecutive, subsequent years, no use permit approval shall be required to continue the temporary parking permitted by the use permit upon complying with the following:

(1) Payment of the application fee set forth in the City Code;

(2) Upon a finding by the Zoning Administrator that the temporary parking has not been detrimental to persons residing or working in the vicinity, to adjacent property or to the neighborhood;

(3) No sign be displayed or solicitation shall occur off the applicant’s property; and

(4) The property is appropriately dustproofed.

3. Temporary parking for civic events. Temporary parking for civic events is permitted in all districts except residential uses located in a designated Historic Residential District subject to obtaining a use permit, in accordance with the standards and procedures of Section 307 provided that all of the following conditions are met:

a. Parking may be permitted for no more than two (2) events within one (1) calendar year, provided that the duration of the event(s) does not exceed a total of twenty-one (21) days.

b. Such parking shall be restricted to attendees of said civic event.

c. The Zoning Administrator may make stipulations regarding the area devoted to parking, location, points of access, dustproofing, duration of use, hours of operation, screening, number of vehicles, time limits, and other appropriate matters as a condition of use permit approval.

d. No use permit approval shall be required for temporary parking for a civic event on any property which within the previous two years has received use permit approval from the Zoning Administrator or Board of Adjustment and after complying with the following:

(1) Payment of the application fee set forth in the City Code;

(2) Upon a finding by the Zoning Administrator, or his duly authorized representative, that the temporary parking has not been detrimental to persons residing or working in the vicinity, to adjacent property or to the neighborhood;

(3) No sign be displayed or solicitation shall occur off each applicant’s property; and

(4) The property shall be appropriately dustproofed.

G. Accessible Parking.

1. Number of accessible parking spaces. All off-street parking areas shall include reserved spaces for use by persons with disabilities according to the following requirements:

a. Health care facilities shall be provided in accordance with the following:

(1) General health care facilities: Parking to comply with Table 1.

(2) Hospital outpatient facilities: Not less than ten percent of the total parking spaces provided shall be accessible spaces.

(3) Rehabilitation facility and outpatient physical therapy facilities: Not less than 20 percent of total parking spaces provided to serve rehabilitation facilities specializing in treating conditions that affect mobility and outpatient physical therapy facilities shall be accessible spaces.

b. Multiple-family housing containing accessible or adaptable dwelling units shall be provided in accordance with the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Fair Housing Accessibility Guidelines and as follows:

(1) Not less than two percent of all parking provided shall be accessible, including not less than two percent of any parking spaces assigned to individual apartment units and not less than two percent of all unassigned parking spaces.

(2) Where different types of parking are provided, such as uncovered parking, shade-covered parking, detached garages, carports or garages attached to apartment units, or garage structures, not less than two percent but not less than one of each different type of parking space shall be accessible.

(3) Where parking spaces are assigned to and designated for individual apartment units, the required accessible parking space shall be not less than 14'-2" in width and not less than 80" in unobstructed height. Assigned parking spaces are not required to be striped, signed or marked as accessible parking. Where parking spaces are not designated for individual apartment units, the required accessible parking shall comply with Section 702.G.1.c, for size, marking and signage.

(4) Where parking is provided and designated for common area amenities, not less than one such space shall be accessible and shall comply with Section 702.G.1.c for size, marking and signage.

(5) Where parking is provided and designated for leasing offices, not less than one such space shall be accessible and shall comply with Section 702.F.1.c.

c. Uses not listed in Section 702.G.1.a or b shall be provided in accordance with Table 1 which is based upon the total amount of unreserved parking spaces provided.

Table 1—Required Number of Accessible Parking Spaces

Total Parking in Lot

Required Number of Accessible Spaces

1 to 25

1

26 to 50

2

51 to 75

3

76 to 100

4

101 to 150

5

151 to 200

6

201 to 300

7

301 to 400

8

401 to 500

9

501 to 1,000

2 percent of total

1,001 and over

20 plus 1 for each 100, or fraction thereof, over 1,000

2. Size of accessible parking spaces. A single accessible parking space shall be not less than 11 feet in width and shall have an adjacent access aisle not less than five feet in width. The length of accessible parking space and aisle shall not be less than 18 feet in length. Access aisles shall be permitted to be placed on either side of the parking space except for angled parking spaces which shall have access aisles located on the passenger side of the parking spaces. Two accessible parking spaces may share a single five-foot-wide access aisle.

Accessible Parking Dimensions

a. Width of stall: Eleven feet.

b. Width of access aisle: Five feet.

c. Length of stall: Eighteen feet.

d. Overall width of a single space: Sixteen feet.

e. Overall width of a double space: Twenty-seven feet.

*Measurements taken for ninety-degree angle of parking

3. Identification of accessible parking spaces. All accessible parking spaces shall be prominently identified with an approved "Reserved Parking" sign and distinctive pavement markings in accordance with this Section. Each accessible parking space shall be outlined on all sides not adjacent to a curb and shall have the international wheel chair symbol displayed on the ground within each space. The access aisle shall be included within the outlined area and shall be marked with cross-hatching. The color scheme of the accessible parking space and access aisle shall distinctively contrast with that of the surrounding regular parking spaces.

Each accessible parking space shall be designated as reserved for the physically disabled by a standard regulatory sign printed in blue on a white background showing the international wheel chair symbol and the minimum verbiage of "Reserved Parking" and "Phoenix City Code." Accessible parking signs erected or replaced after October 1, 2001, shall be a minimum size of 12 inches wide by 24 inches high and shall have verbiage which states: "Reserved Parking For Vehicles Showing Disabled Insignia or License Plate Only" and "Phoenix City Code." Accessible parking signs shall be permanently mounted to an approved stationary post or wall located directly in front of each accessible parking space. The bottom of the sign shall be located not less than five feet and not more than six feet above the parking surface. Accessible parking signs shall be located and maintained to be clearly visible to any vehicle entering the parking space.

Exception: Where a total of four or fewer parking spaces, including accessible parking spaces, are provided on a site, identification of accessible parking spaces shall not be required. Accessible parking space dimensions shall be maintained and the access aisle shall still be provided.

4. Location of accessible parking spaces. Accessible parking spaces shall be located on the shortest possible accessible route of travel to the accessible building entrance. In facilities with multiple accessible building entrances with adjacent parking, accessible parking spaces shall be dispersed and located closest to each accessible entrance. Every parking access aisle shall lead directly to an accessible route of travel as set forth in the Phoenix Construction Code. Wherever practical, the accessible route of travel shall not cross lanes for vehicular traffic or pass behind parked vehicles. Where crossing vehicle traffic lanes is necessary, the route of travel shall be delineated as a crosswalk.

5. Covered parking. Where parking is provided in a parking garage or under shade canopies, the ratio of covered to uncovered accessible parking spaces shall not be less than the ratio of covered to uncovered non-accessible parking spaces. Where accessible parking spaces are provided within a parking garage or under a canopy, one in six or not less than one of the accessible spaces shall be designated for high-profile vehicles with a minimum headroom clearance of eight feet two inches provided in all parking, maneuvering and circulation areas serving such spaces. Except when all accessible spaces are high-profile spaces, special signage shall be provided to identify high-profile accessible parking spaces and to direct users to the location of both high profile and standard-height accessible parking spaces.

6. Slope. Accessible parking spaces and access aisles shall be located on a surface with a slope not exceeding one vertical foot in 48 horizontal feet in all directions.

7. Existing parking lots. Whenever a parking area built before April 3, 1991 does not have sufficient accessible parking spaces to comply with Section 702.F., existing non-accessible parking spaces may be combined and converted to required accessible parking spaces and associated access aisles. The parking lot will be legally nonconforming if the total number of spaces drops below current ordinance requirements.

8. Passenger loading zones. Wherever a passenger loading zone is provided, at least one accessible vehicle pull-up space shall be provided for every continuous 100 linear feet of loading zone. The passenger loading zone space shall be a minimum of 96 inches wide and a minimum 20 feet long. The access aisles serving the loading zone space shall extend the length of the space and shall be a minimum 60 inches wide. The access aisles shall be marked so as to discourage parking in them.

B. Off Street Loading Spaces.

Editor’s note—Ord. No. G-5267, TA-8-08, § 1, adopted Nov. 5, 2008, effective Dec. 5, 2008, amended Section 702.A. to add a new Section 702.B. but did not include the renumbering of this existing Subsection B. The City is aware of the duplicate numbering of Subsection B. and is adopting a new ordinance to address the renumbering of this subsection.

1. General provisions, requirements for space size. Off-street loading spaces shall be not less than ten (10) feet in width and thirty (30) feet in length, exclusive of access aisles and maneuvering space.

2. Off-street loading spaces required. The following shall apply to all developments, except for single family developments and vehicular parking areas.

a. Commercial developments (excluding office) less than 60 feet in height and industrial developments, shall provide the following off-street loading spaces:

Table A:

Square Feet of Aggregate Gross Floor Area

Required Number of Spaces

0 sq. ft. up to and including 24,999 sq. ft.

0

25,000 sq. ft. up to and including 40,000 sq. ft.

1

40,001 sq. ft. up to and including 100,000 sq. ft.

2

100,001 sq. ft. up to and including 160,000 sq. ft.

3

160,001 sq. ft. up to and including 240,000 sq. ft.

4

240,001 sq. ft. up to and including 320,000 sq. ft.

5

320,001 sq. ft. up to and including 400,000 sq. ft.

6

400,001 sq. ft. up to and including 490,000 sq. ft.

7

For each additional 90,000 sq. ft.

1 additional space

b. Office development less than 60 feet in height shall provide the following off-street loading spaces:

Table B:

Square Feet of Aggregate Gross Floor Area

Required Number of Spaces

0 sq ft. up to and including 24,999 sq. ft.

0

25,000 sq. ft. up to and including 100,000 sq. ft.

1

100,001 sq. ft. up to and including 200,000 sq. ft.

2

For each additional 100,000 sq. ft.

1 additional space

c. Multi-family residential development shall provide the following off-street loading spaces:

Table C:

Number of Residential Dwelling Units:

Number of Loading Spaces

0 to 25

0

26 to 150

1

For each additional 150 units

1 additional space

d. Commercial or office developments (excluding multi-family) over 60 feet in height and all hotel or resort developments shall provide the following off-street loading spaces:

Table D:

Square Feet of Aggregate Gross Floor Area:

Required Number of Spaces

0 sq. ft. up to and including 24,999 sq. ft.

0

25,000 sq. ft. up to and including 100,000 sq. ft.

1

100,001 sq. ft. up to and including 240,000 sq. ft.

2

240,001 sq. ft. up to and including 400,000 sq. ft.

3

For each additional 120,000 sq. ft.

1 additional space

3. The off-street loading facilities required shall in all cases be on the same lot or parcel of land as the structure they are intended to serve. In no case shall the required off-street loading space be part of the area to satisfy the off-street parking requirements of this Ordinance.

4. Reserved. (Ord. No. G-3408, 1991; Ord. No. G-3465, 1991; Ord. No. G-3495, 1992; Ord. No. G-3663, 1993; Ord. No. G-3869, 1995; Ord. No. G-4039, 1997; Ord. No. G-4040, 1997; Ord. No. G-4078, 1998; Ord. No. G-4156, 1999; Ord. No. G-4157, 1999; Ord. No. G-4345, 2001; Ord. No. G-4532, 2003; Ord. No. G-4558, 2003; Ord. No. G-4759, 2005; Ord. No. G-4769, 2005; Ord. No. G-4857, 2007; Ord. No. G-5037, 2007; Ord. No. G-5267, 2008; Ord. No. G-5290, 2008; Ord. No. G-5380, 2009; Ord. No. G-5453, 2009; Ord. No. G-5499, 2010; Ord. No. G-5581, 2011; Ord. No. G-5585, 2011; Ord. No. G-5680, 2012; Ord. No. G-5875, 2013; Ord. No. G-5959, 2014; Ord. No. G-6304, 2017; Ord. No. G-6331, 2017; Ord. No. G-6451, 2018; Ord. No. G-7160, § 27, 2023)